Last roman

Учени ползват ДНК-то е Ешерихията за носител на информация: Scientists Turn Bacteria Into DNA Tape Recorders By tinkering with its DNA, scientists have converted the common gut bacterium E. coli into the world’s smallest tape recorder. The newly designed microbes are engineered in such a way that they are capable of documenting and storing memories from their environment which can then be retrieved at a later date. The idea behind these living data storage devices is that one day, they could be used as tiny health monitors or environmental sensors. Scientists have attempted to store useful information in bacterial DNA before, but only managed to successfully record all-or-nothing memories, such as whether a particular stimulus is present in the environment or not. These digital memories could not therefore inform us of how long the exposure was, or how much of the stimulus was present, i.e. analog information. These new cells, however, are capable of doing just that. To create their living memory recorders, scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) turned to sequences of DNA found in certain species of bacteria called retrons. Retrons carry the genetic information for the production of enzymes (biological catalysts) which generate single strands of DNA that are then inserted into the bacterium’s genome. Usually, these strands are used by the bacteria to manipulate their host. By tinkering with their DNA sequence, the researchers were able to make retrons that only produce unique DNA sequences when a particular stimulus, such as light or a chemical, is present. These strands, which are effectively a record of the experience, are then inserted into a specific target site within the genome. “We can target it anywhere in the genome,” says lead scientist Timothy Lu, “which is why we’re viewing it as a tape recorder, because you can direct it where that signal is written.” Because the sequence can be passed on from generation to generation, the memory gradually accumulates and is stored for the lifetime of the population. Scientists can then recover this stored information by sequencing the genome of the organism. By determining how many of the cells within the population contain the new DNA sequence, they can work out the magnitude and duration of the signal. The higher the proportion containing the sequence, the greater the exposure. The ultimate goal for the researchers is to use this system as a monitoring device for different environments. Because scientists can design the cells to respond to a variety of different stimuli, the potential applications are vast. The organisms could be placed in the ocean to measure levels of CO2 or pollution, for example. Alternatively, they could be used in medicine to monitor disease progression, such as the spread of cancers, by picking up stimuli that are released by diseased cells. http://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-turn-bacteria-dna-tape-recorders

А някой по-сериозен източник има ли? Че Блиц-а е доста надежден източник на изкривена информация

дам, довечера ще звънна на Обама и ще му кажа да изпринти специално за теб няколко хартийки за взаимоотношенията си с ИДИЛ и петролооборота. Имай търпение

митак, айде да ти напомня да пишеш по темата и да се въздържаш от заяждане. В противен случай офтопикът ти ще бъде трит, нищо че си модератор.

ИДИЛ си изнасят петрол за Турция, която е сащиански съюзник. Демек търговийката си върти, народа си гине, световната общественост блажено си затваря очите, щото големият брат нанася козметични удари по Сирия /сбъдна му се мечтата на Обама най-накрая да я демократизира с бомби тая страна/.

точно Италия според мен има най-голям потенциал да се разпадне когато свършат паричките за папане. Има и доста голяма разлика /етническа и икономическа/ между Севера и Юга, наред с факта, че държавността им е от има няма 150 години.

е, винаги има изключения от правилото /моето беше просто лек майтап, свързан с неспособността на южните държави да създават трайни държавни формирования/.

на юг като че ли 'брауновото движение' на провинциите е по-силно /явно е от топлината/;)

проблемът е, че сондата след няколкото отскачания се е закрепила на косъм и то до някакви скали, чиято сянка ограничава ползването на слънчевите й батерии. Демек няма много оптимистични изгледи за успешното приключване на мисията; Space Probe Philae Bounces to Stop on Comet—Now What? Rosetta mission's lander finds itself tipped over in unknown territory as scientists decide whether to try to flip it. Philae's first image of the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko shows that the craft landed on a rocky surface, not a dusty one as some scientists had feared. PHOTOGRAPH BY ESA/ROSETTA/PHILAE/CIVA The elation scientists and engineers felt when the Rosetta mission's lander set down Wednesday has been tempered by the discovery overnight that Philae didn't simply land. It bounced—not once but twice—before coming to rest a significant distance from its original landing site on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The lander is still functioning, but its solar panels aren't getting enough power to keep Philae going for more than a few more days. The mother ship, orbiting overhead, is now searching for Philae with its high-resolution cameras. This image, taken by the Philae lander, shows the planned landing site from an altitude of about 1.5 miles (3 kilometers). In the end, Philae bounced its way to a new, unexpected resting place. PHOTOGRAPH BY ESA/ROSETTA/PHILAE/ROLIS/DLR Philae evidently bounced because a thruster failed—the thruster was meant to stabilize the craft during landing and push against the comet to hold it in place during anchoring. Harpoons that should have tethered Philae to the surface also failed to deploy. (See more on the landing process in our Viewing Guide.) The first bounce lasted nearly two hours, said Jean-Pierre Bibring, the European Space Agency scientist in charge of the lander, at a press conference today. It took Philae about a half mile (one kilometer) back up into space, then slowly back, where it ended up a half mile or so away from where it first touched down. The second jump was shorter in time, altitude, and distance. Rosetta’s lander Philae has returned the first panoramic image from the surface of a comet. The view, unprocessed, as it has been captured by the CIVA-P imaging system, shows a 360º view around the point of final touchdown. The three feet of Philae’s landing gear can be seen in some of the frames. PHOTOGRAPH BY ESA/ROSETTA/MPS FOR OSIRIS TEAM MPS/AFP The good news is that Philae is still operating and sending data, and that it's stable for the moment. It could have landed on a steep slope, for example, but, said Bibring, "We're almost vertical, with one foot almost certainly in the air and two on the surface." The bad news, made clear in photos released this morning, is that the probe is close to a cliff. The cliff's shadow is limiting how much sunlight the probe's solar panels can receive, which means Philae is depending largely on its batteries for power. That power could run out as early as Saturday. Scientists are searching these images from the Rosetta spacecraft orbiting above the comet's surface to locate the Philae lander. The images in this montage were taken around the time of the landing on November 12. PHOTOGRAPH BY ESA/ROSETTA/MPS FOR OSIRIS TEAM MPS/AFP Scientists had anticipated that the panels might not work even if the landing was smooth, since there was a chance that dust kicked up by the touchdown would have rendered them inoperable. Luckily, the science program was designed with the possibility of a very short lifetime in mind for Philae. (Read more about Rosetta's science in "Touchdown! Comet Landing to Offer Clues to Solar System's Birth.") Watch an animation of how the Philae lander touched down on the surface of the comet. FOOTAGE COURTESY OF EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY - ESA But it would be better, clearly, for the probe to work for much longer. There's still a chance that Philae can keep operating until the mission ends in December 2015, say scientists who are working on a plan to remedy the situation, if the lander is nudged into a better position. Philae has a number of instruments designed to swing into place when deployed. If the craft were anchored as intended, with all three legs down, these swings wouldn't shift the probe's position. But without that anchoring, moving the instruments could move the lander, and that could shift Philae into a slightly sunnier spot. European Space Agency scientists are now considering their next move very carefully, since any of these movements could also topple the craft over completely. They've promised updates later today. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/11/141113-rosetta-philae-bumpy-landing-science/?utm_source=Facebook&utm_medium=Social&utm_content=link_fb20141113news-cometupdate&utm_campaign=Content&sf5761549=1

Хубаво, ако не сте разбрали, тази тема е за ИДИЛ и нейните операции в Близкия Изток. Ясно кой стои зад тази организация, така че да не влизаме в излишни полемики.

Astronomers View “Lightning” Flash In Black Hole For the first time, astronomers have discovered “lightning” coming from a supermassive black hole. The scientists with the European Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry Network (VLBI) observed a short—yet intense—burst of gamma radiation that formed abnormally fast from galaxy IC 310. The massive collaboration included astronomers from twelve countries, and the results were published in Science. The radio galaxy IC 310 is located about 260 million light years away in the Perseus constellation. Researchers observed the galaxy’s black hole with Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes (MAGIC) in the Canary Islands. MAGIC is a pair of 17-meter telescopes that measure high-energy gamma radiation, and this system is the largest in the world for this type of research. With the high-detailed view MAGIC provided, the scientists discovered a stream of gamma radiation extending past the supermassive black hole in the center of the galaxy that appeared and dissipated five times faster than can be explained under ordinary circumstances. “The event horizon of the black hole—the surface space-time from which nothing can escape the black hole, not even light—is three times higher than the distance between the Earth and the Sun; that is, 450 millions of kilometers. Light needs 25 minutes to cover that distance,” co-author Eduardo Ros of the Max Planck Institute for Radioastronomy said in apress release. The team then suspected that the the source of the radiation was coming from somewhere else. The black hole was previously discovered to have an active galactic nucleus (AGN), which is a small region that spins very rapidly and has a magnetic field. These AGNs can spew out huge amounts of radiation almost as quickly as the speed of light. “We believe that in the black hole’s polar regions there are huge electric fields, which are able to accelerate fundamental particles at relativist speeds, in a way that when they interact with others of lower energy, are able to produce highly energized gamma rays,” Ros continued. “We can imagine this process as a fierce electrical thunderstorm.” These fields build up energy over a period of time, which then needs to be discharged. The area where this energy accumulates is roughly the size of our solar system, which means that the burst of radiation that discharges is extremely fast and bright. Using MAGIC, this team was able to provide the first inside look into the mechanics of this phenomenon. “When we observe black holes at high energies, we are looking into the galactic nucleus to very great depths. We are trying to look directly into the machinery at the centre, as it were,” project leader Razmik Mirzoyan of the Max Planck Institute for Physics explained in a press release. Emission mode: A black hole in rotation produces a magnetic field (red). In polar regions (yellow), enormous electrical fields appear and accelerate the particles at relativist speeds which are able to produce very energetic gamma ray as well as to shoot the jets thousands and even millions of light years away. Credit: MAGIC Collaboration http://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-view-lightning-flash-black-hole

В японска гробница откриха стъклени съдове, произведени в Римската империя: KASHIHARA, JAPAN—A dark blue dish and a clear painted bowl recovered together from a fifth-century tomb in Nara Prefecture are evidence of Japan’s far-reaching trade networks. The dish has been confirmed to have been imported from the Roman Empire. Its chemical composition, analyzed with a fluorescence X-ray device, is almost identical to Roman glasswork made in the second century or earlier in the Mediterranean region. The chemical composition of the painted glass bowl matches glass fragments unearthed at the palace in the ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon. “Japan aggressively traded with other countries in the fifth century, and (the latest findings) show various elements were entering Japan at the time. Because the glass dish may have been transported via Central Asia, it is no wonder that there was a time lag (between its production and arrival in Japan),” Takashi Taniichi of Sanyo Gakuen University told The Asahi Shimbun. http://archaeology.org/news/2705-141113-japan-nara-tomb

темата е за Испания, предлагам да се придържаме към нея.

още ли не си се научил да пиеш алкохол, бе?

Алва, не с лошо

заключвам темата и напомням без никаква политика повече.

за по-кратко - прикометяване. Иначе толкова много сложни разчети за прихващане на кометата и в последния момент издънка с прикрепянето. Цялата дългогодишна мисия е на косъм от провал.

за какво беше целият този виртуален вой - така и не ми стана ясно.

не точно като нашата, но да - има прахово-газова обвивка, която може да се нарече така.

то засега процесът е в латентна фаза. След някоя по-масивна финансова криза, съпроводена с разпад на ЕС ще видиш колко весело ще стане. Всичко е въпрос на време. А времето показва, че измислени 'интернации' /съветска, европейска/ просто не могат да просъществуват.

че тя Асирия си е първата империя в региона.

ако ще си говориме кръчмарската - ти къде го виждаш Ахил Въобще скачаш като бълха от тема на тема и честно казано вече ти загубих дирите. Ако имаш своя теория - изложи я подробно и пространно, за да й се насладим и да я коментираме

да де, аз ти говоря за над 80 км/ч. И да ти кажа, точно това би трябвало да е от значение в реални условия. Щото надморската височина не влияе никак по това трасе. Айде, ако колата се катереше по серпентината на някой фиорд - да.

Може да се дължи най-вече на нежеланието на братята македонци да снесат инфо за плочките. Иначе относно името "Ахил", във втората тема Галахад е дал добро обяснение: От ІVв. са св. Ахил и Нерей, които били убити при управлението на имп. Диокелециан. Мощите им първоначално се пазели в Домициловите катакомби в Рим, а после били пренесени в черквата посветена на тяхно име, където са и до днес. Да не се бърка със св. Ахил Александрийски и св. Ахил Лариски (неговите мощи е пренесъл Самуил), които са били не воини, а епископи. А този Ахил от картинката не прилича на епископ, а на воин. Тъй че да не правим прибързани сензации.

да, разходът на двигателя е важен, също и скоростта, с която се движи автомобилът. Колкото по-бързо караш, толкова повече харчиш.